India is celebrated for its remarkable biodiversity and abundance of natural resources, encompassing a diverse array of ecosystems, including the Himalayan mountains, coastal regions, deserts, and dense forests. The nation is home to a rich variety of flora and fauna, numerous endangered and endemic species.

The perspectives on biodiversity and natural resources in India are multifaceted, with a strong emphasis on conservation and sustainable use driven by both traditional knowledge systems and modern scientific approaches. Indigenous communities have historically employed sustainable resource management practices, with their cultural traditions often emphasizing the importance of living in harmony with nature.

Nevertheless, India confronts substantial challenges, including habitat loss, pollution, and the effects of climate change, all of which pose threats to its biodiversity. Both the government and various non-governmental organizations, as well as international bodies, are actively engaged in endeavors to safeguard and rehabilitate natural habitats, enact wildlife protection legislation, and promote environmental education and awareness. The delicate balance between development and conservation remains a vital factor shaping India's environmental policies and public discourse.